Hybrid surgery is a modern medical procedure that combines traditional open surgical techniques with minimally invasive approaches, often utilizing advanced imaging and catheter-based technologies. The goal of hybrid surgery is to offer the benefits of both methods, such as reduced recovery time, smaller incisions, and precise intervention, while maintaining the flexibility and effectiveness of conventional surgery.

Key Components of Hybrid Surgery

1. Hybrid Operating Room (OR):
   • A specialized setup equipped with advanced imaging systems like CT, MRI, or fluoroscopy.
   • Includes tools for both open surgery and minimally invasive procedures.
2. Imaging Guidance:
   • Real-time imaging helps surgeons navigate instruments with precision, especially for vascular or cardiac procedures.
3. Multidisciplinary Approach:
   • Involves collaboration between surgeons, interventional radiologists, and other specialists to tailor the procedure to the patient’s needs.

Common Hybrid Surgery Applications

1. Cardiovascular Procedures:

   • Treatment of aortic aneurysms using a combination of open surgery and endovascular stent grafting.
   • Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR), which combines bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

2. Neurovascular Interventions:

   • Management of complex brain aneurysms with both surgical clipping and endovascular coiling.

3. Orthopedic Surgeries:

   • Hybrid approaches in spinal surgeries, blending open and minimally invasive techniques.

4. Cancer Treatment:

   • Combining surgical tumor removal with catheter-based treatments like chemoembolization.

5. Trauma and Emergency Care:

   • Managing multiple injuries with both open and minimally invasive approaches in the same session.

Procedure Steps

1. Preoperative Planning:

   • Imaging and diagnostic tests determine the most effective combination of techniques.
   • A multidisciplinary team formulates a treatment plan.

2. Hybrid Surgery Execution:

   • Patients are positioned in the hybrid OR.
   • Real-time imaging guides minimally invasive tools while open surgical techniques are performed as needed.

3. Postoperative Care:

   • Monitoring in an intensive care unit or recovery ward.
   • Enhanced recovery protocols are applied to minimize hospital stay and complications.