Painless colonoscopy is a procedure to examine the colon and rectum using a colonoscope, performed under sedation or anesthesia to ensure patient comfort. This procedure is a preferred option for individuals concerned about discomfort during a traditional colonoscopy.

Indications for Painless Colonoscopy

• Screening for colorectal cancer.
• Investigation of symptoms like:
  • Chronic diarrhea or constipation.
  • Rectal bleeding.
  • Abdominal pain.
• Diagnosing conditions such as:
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis).
  • Diverticulosis or polyps.
• Surveillance after colon surgery or polyp removal.

Procedure Steps

1. Pre-Procedure Preparation:

   • Dietary Restrictions:
     • Patients are advised to avoid solid food 24 hours before the procedure and consume only clear liquids.
   • Bowel Cleansing:
     • A laxative or bowel prep solution is provided to ensure the colon is completely clean.
   • Fasting:
     • No food or drink is allowed for 6–8 hours before the procedure.

2. Sedation or Anesthesia:

   • A mild sedative or general anesthesia is administered through an intravenous (IV) line for a painless experience.
   • The level of sedation is chosen based on patient preference and medical recommendations:
     • Conscious sedation: The patient is relaxed but awake.
     • Deep sedation or general anesthesia: The patient is fully asleep.

3. Insertion of the Colonoscope:

   • The patient lies on their side, and the colonoscope, a thin flexible tube with a camera, is gently inserted through the anus into the rectum and colon.
   • Air or carbon dioxide is introduced to expand the colon for better visibility.

4. Examination and Intervention:

   • The doctor examines the colon lining for abnormalities like polyps, tumors, or inflammation.
   • If needed, biopsies are taken, and small polyps are removed during the procedure.

5. Completion:

   • The colonoscope is slowly withdrawn after the examination.
   • The entire process typically takes 20–60 minutes.

Post-Procedure Care

1. Recovery:

   • Patients are monitored in a recovery room until the sedative effects wear off.
   • They may experience mild bloating or cramping, which usually resolves quickly.
   • Driving and operating heavy machinery are prohibited for the rest of the day.

2. Results:

   • Immediate findings may be discussed, and biopsy results are typically available in a few days.

3. Diet:

   • Patients can usually resume their normal diet after the procedure, unless advised otherwise.